Cannot find bean in any scope

[Kalith Aazad]

I have been trying to debug this application for 2 days now..
I am unable to understand what is wrong wth the code..
Please someone help me out...

I keep on getting this message as the Error 500 and I dont understand what it means while

  
description The server encountered an internal error () that prevented it from fulfilling this request.

exception 

org.apache.jasper.JasperException: Cannot find bean: "countryListAttribute" in any scope
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.handleJspException(JspServletWrapper.java:498)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:393)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:308)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:259)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)


root cause 

javax.servlet.ServletException: Cannot find bean: "countryListAttribute" in any scope
	org.apache.jasper.runtime.PageContextImpl.doHandlePageException(PageContextImpl.java:841)
	org.apache.jasper.runtime.PageContextImpl.handlePageException(PageContextImpl.java:774)
	org.apache.jsp.welcome_jsp._jspService(welcome_jsp.java:97)
	org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:98)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:369)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:308)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:259)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)


root cause 

javax.servlet.jsp.JspException: Cannot find bean: "countryListAttribute" in any scope
	org.apache.struts.taglib.TagUtils.lookup(TagUtils.java:935)
	org.apache.struts.taglib.html.OptionsCollectionTag.doStartTag(OptionsCollectionTag.java:173)
	org.apache.jsp.welcome_jsp._jspx_meth_html_005foptionsCollection_005f0(welcome_jsp.java:242)
	org.apache.jsp.welcome_jsp._jspx_meth_html_005fselect_005f0(welcome_jsp.java:177)
	org.apache.jsp.welcome_jsp._jspx_meth_html_005fform_005f0(welcome_jsp.java:126)
	org.apache.jsp.welcome_jsp._jspService(welcome_jsp.java:86)
	org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:98)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:369)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:308)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:259)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)




  

this is the web.xml file--

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
	<display-name>LibraryWeb</display-name>
	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>welcome.jsp</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>config</param-name>
			<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	
	
	<!-- Struts Tag Library Descriptors -->


<!-- Struts Tag Library Descriptors -->
<jsp-config>
  <taglib>
    <taglib-uri>/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld</taglib-uri>
    <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld</taglib-location>
  </taglib>

  <taglib>
    <taglib-uri>/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld</taglib-uri>
    <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld</taglib-location>
  </taglib>

  <taglib>
    <taglib-uri>/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld</taglib-uri>
    <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld</taglib-location>
  </taglib>

  <taglib>
    <taglib-uri>/WEB-INF/struts-template.tld</taglib-uri>
    <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-template.tld</taglib-location>
  </taglib>
</jsp-config>


</web-app>
    

Now the welcome.jsp is shown as this file --

 
<%@ page language="java"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-bean" prefix="bean"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-html" prefix="html"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-logic" prefix="logic"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
	<head>
		<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
		<title>Welcome page | Hello World Struts application in Eclipse</title>
	</head>
	<body>
	<%
		String message = (String)request.getAttribute("message");
	%>
		
		<html:form action="enterDetails">
		 
		 <!-- Populate the Country code using database fetch -->
		   <table>
                <tr>
                    <td>
                        Select Country :
                    </td>
                    <td>
                        <html:select property="countryList" >
                            <html:option value="0">Select Country</html:option>
                            <html:optionsCollection name="countryListAttribute" label="countryId" value="countryName" />
                        </html:select>
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr><td><html:submit/></td><td><html:reset/></td></tr>
                </table>
		
	</html:form>

	</body>
</html>
   

The struts-config.xml has the action-mapping. Please consider the action-mapping for the enterDetails since the previous action mapping works fine.
The form-bean UserDetailsForm is also included later in this section

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
          "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
          "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>
	<form-beans>
		<form-bean name="LoginForm"
				   type="form.LoginForm" />
		<form-bean name="UserDetailsForm" 
		           type="form.UserDetailsForm"/>
	</form-beans>

	<global-exceptions>
	</global-exceptions>
	<global-forwards></global-forwards>

	<action-mappings>
		<action path="/login" 
				name="LoginForm" 
				validate="true" 
				input="/index.jsp"
				type="action.LoginAction">
			<forward name="success" path="/welcome.jsp" />
			<forward name="failure" path="/index.jsp" />
		</action>
		
		 <action path="/enterDetails"  
		 		 parameter="populate" 
		 		 name="UserDetailsForm" 
		 		 input="/welcome.jsp" 
		 		 scope="request" 
		 		 type="form.EnterDetails">
            <forward name="success" path="/showDetails.jsp" />
        </action>
		
	</action-mappings>

	<message-resources parameter="MessageResource"></message-resources>

</struts-config>
  

The code for the form-bean is as follows-

   /*
 * To change this template, choose Tools | Templates
 * and open the template in the editor.
 */
/*This is the substitute for inputForm*/
package form;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

/**
 *
 * @autho
 */
public class UserDetailsForm extends ActionForm {
    
    private String country;
    
    private String state;

    private ArrayList  countryList;

    private ArrayList  stateList;

    public UserDetailsForm() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    /**
     * @return the country
     */
    public String getCountry() {
        return country;
    }

    /**
     * @param country the country to set
     */
    public void setCountry(String country) {
        this.country = country;
    }

    /**
     * @return the state
     */
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }

    /**
     * @param state the state to set
     */
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }

    /**
     * @return the countryList
     */
    public ArrayList getCountryList() {
        return countryList;
    }

    /**
     * @param countryList the countryList to set
     */
    public void setCountryList(ArrayList  countryList) {
        this.countryList = countryList;
    }

    /**
     * @return the stateList
     */
    public ArrayList getStateList() {
        return stateList;
    }

    /**
     * @param stateList the stateList to set
     */
    public void setStateList(ArrayList  stateList) {
        this.stateList = stateList;
    }

    
}

 

The countryData is another set of class which is as follows-

    
/*
 * To change this template, choose Tools | Templates
 * and open the template in the editor.
 */

package form;

/**
 *
 */
public class CountryData {

    private String countryId;

    private String countryName;

    CountryData(String countryId, String countryName)
    {
        this.countryId = countryId;
        this.countryName = countryName;
    }

    /**
     * @return the countryId
     */
    public String getCountryId() {
        return countryId;
    }

    /**
     * @param countryId the countryId to set
     */
    public void setCountryId(String countryId) {
        this.countryId = countryId;
    }

    /**
     * @return the countryName
     */
    public String getCountryName() {
        return countryName;
    }

    /**
     * @param countryName the countryName to set
     */
    public void setCountryName(String countryName) {
        this.countryName = countryName;
    }

    public String getLabel(){
    	return countryId;
    	}
    
    	public String getValue(){
    	return countryName;
    	}
}

The action-class is as shown--

   
package form;

/*
 * To change this template, choose Tools | Templates
 * and open the template in the editor.
 */



import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.util.*;

/**
 *
 * 
 */
public class EnterDetails extends DispatchAction {
	
    private final static String SUCCESS = "success";
    
    public ActionForward populate(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm  form,
            HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws Exception {

        ArrayList countryList = new ArrayList();
        //ArrayList stateList = new ArrayList();
        UserDetailsForm detailsForm = (UserDetailsForm) form;

        countryList.add(new CountryData("1", "USA"));
        countryList.add(new CountryData("2", "Canada"));
        countryList.add(new CountryData("3", "Mexico"));
        
        
        /*log.debug("This is my debug message.");
        log.info("This is my info message.");
        log.warn("This is my warn message.");
        log.error("This is my error message.");
        log.fatal("This is my fatal message.");
        stateList.add(new LabelValueBean("New York", "1"));
        stateList.add(new LabelValueBean("California", "2"));
        stateList.add(new LabelValueBean("Los Angeles", "3"));
        */
        
        detailsForm.setCountryList(countryList);
        //detailsForm.setStateList(stateList);

        /*Set the countryList to countryListAttribute in request 
         *Set the stateList to stateListAttribute in request object*/

        request.setAttribute("countryListAttribute",countryList);
        //request.setAttribute("stateListAttribute",stateList);
        return mapping.findForward(SUCCESS);
    }

    public ActionForward save(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm  form,
            HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws Exception {
        
        return mapping.findForward(SUCCESS);
    }
}
 

[Kalith Aazad]

What I fail to understand here is that what should the optionsCollection property have?
the name?
the property that points to the list?
the name that points to the CountryData ??
I am really confused when it comes to this..
Please help me out..Thanks..

[David Newton]

Are you accessing welcome.jsp directly (younare using it as a welcome file) or through the action?

[Kalith Aazad]

Dear David,
I am calling the welcome.jsp file using the welcome-file-list..I am not directly calling it. When I run the application , it directs the control to welcome.jsp.

[David Newton]

Okay. So, the action isn't being run, right?

[Kalith Aazad]

I guess the formbean is not being populated.
What i see is..
first on loading web.xml -> struts-config.xml -> welcome.jsp -> It is stuck..
If that is resolved, then the action will be loaded right and the bean be populated right???

[David Newton]

You're calling the JSP directly--Struts isn't involved at all.

[Kalith Aazad]

So how do I go about calling the action?

[David Newton]

You either configure the container to allow the use of an action as a welcome file (I don't remember how), or meta refresh to the action from a welcome page.

[Kalith Aazad]

Dear David,
Thank you . Will let you know if it worked .

[David Newton]

No problem!

[Kalith Aazad]

so the course of action would be to call a test.jsp page from welcome-file list which redirects to the Action mapping.
The action class then calls the populate method and populates the formbean
which then after wards delegates the control to the welcome.jsp which displays the select options tag?
would that work?

[Kalith Aazad]

I finally resolved it--

Here is the solution--
The struts-config.xml file--

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
          "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
          "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>
	<form-beans>
		<form-bean name="LoginForm" type="form.LoginForm" />
		<form-bean name="UserDetailsForm" type="form.UserDetailsForm" />
	</form-beans>

	<global-exceptions>
	</global-exceptions>
	<global-forwards>
	</global-forwards>

	<action-mappings>
		<action path="/login" name="LoginForm" validate="true" input="/index.jsp"
			type="action.LoginAction">
			<forward name="success" path="/welcome.jsp" />
			<forward name="failure" path="/index.jsp" />
		</action>

		

		<action path="/enterDetails" 
				type="form.EnterDetails"
				input="/welcome.jsp" 
				name="UserDetailsForm"
				scope="request" 
				validate="false">
			<forward name="success" path="/showDetails.jsp" />
		</action>

	</action-mappings>

	<message-resources parameter="MessageResource"></message-resources>

</struts-config> 

The Action-form was created using SelectedItem as one more property for using it in the jsp file.
The Collections element was induced in the request object as CountryList.

The Action-Form

 /*
 * To change this template, choose Tools | Templates
 * and open the template in the editor.
 */
/*This is the substitute for inputForm*/
package form;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

/**
 *
 * @author Lalit Azad
 */
public class UserDetailsForm extends ActionForm {
    
    private String country;
    private String selectedItem; //Used for Select tag in html:select
    
    
    private String state;

    private ArrayList  countryList;

    private ArrayList  stateList;

    public UserDetailsForm() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    /**
     * @return the country
     */
    public String getCountry() {
        return country;
    }

    /**
     * @param country the country to set
     */
    public void setCountry(String country) {
        this.country = country;
    }

    /**
     * @return the state
     */
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }

    /**
     * @param state the state to set
     */
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }

    /**
     * @return the countryList
     */
    public ArrayList getCountryList() {
        return countryList;
    }

    /**
     * @param countryList the countryList to set
     */
    public void setCountryList(ArrayList  countryList) {
        this.countryList = countryList;
    }

    /**
     * @return the stateList
     */
    public ArrayList getStateList() {
        return stateList;
    }

    /**
     * @param stateList the stateList to set
     */
    public void setStateList(ArrayList  stateList) {
        this.stateList = stateList;
    }

	/**
	 * @param selectedItem the selectedItem to set
	 */
	public void setSelectedItem(String selectedItem) {
		this.selectedItem = selectedItem;
	}

	/**
	 * @return the selectedItem
	 */
	public String getSelectedItem() {
		return selectedItem;
	}

    
}
   

The Action - Class

    package form;

/*
 * To change this template, choose Tools | Templates
 * and open the template in the editor.
 */



import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction;
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.util.*;

/**
 *
 * @author Lalit Azad
 */
public class EnterDetails extends Action {
	
    private final static String SUCCESS = "success";
    
    public void populate(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm  form,
            HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws Exception {

       
        
        //detailsForm.setCountryList(countryList);
        
        
        // detailsForm.setCountryList(countryList);
        //detailsForm.setStateList(stateList);

        /*Set the countryList to countryListAttribute in request 
         *Set the stateList to stateListAttribute in request object*/

        
        //request.setAttribute("stateListAttribute",stateList);
        //return mapping.findForward(SUCCESS);
    }

    
    @Override
	public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    	 ArrayList countryList = new ArrayList();
         //ArrayList stateList = new ArrayList();
         UserDetailsForm detailsForm = (UserDetailsForm) form;
         detailsForm.setSelectedItem("SelectedStringSetted!");

         countryList.add(new CountryData("1", "USA"));
         countryList.add(new CountryData("2", "Canada"));
         countryList.add(new CountryData("3", "Mexico"));
         
         
         request.setAttribute("countryListAttribute",countryList);
         
         /*
          * Send the countryList attribute to the jsp page as request attribute
          * */
		 //this.populate(mapping, form, request, response);
		 return mapping.findForward("success");
	}

}

The show-Details.jsp file--

  <%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-bean" prefix="bean"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-html" prefix="html"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-logic" prefix="logic"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
    <%@page import="form.UserDetailsForm" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- The action should be changed to the corresponding other action -->
<html:form action="/login">
<html:select name="UserDetailsForm" property="selectedItem">
<!-- property refers to the name of the request parameter in the form -->
<html:optionsCollection name="countryListAttribute" />
<!-- label="countryName" value="countryId" -->
</html:select>
<html:submit/>
</html:form>

</body>
</html> 

What I observed was this--
For this to work in the form-bean if you have a country-list
countryList.add(new CountryData("1", "USA"));
countryList.add(new CountryData("2", "Canada"));
countryList.add(new CountryData("3", "Mexico"));
request.setAttribute("countryListAttribute",countryList);
Now, since the attribute in the request is set to countryListAttribute,
At the JSP side, for the html:select code,
<html:form action="/login">
<html:select name="UserDetailsForm" property="selectedItem">
<!-- property refers to the name of the request parameter in the form -->
<html:optionsCollection name="countryListAttribute" />
<!-- label="countryName" value="countryId" -->
</html:select>
<html:submit/>
</html:form>
Here , the action pertains to any action that will get executed once the submit is clicked.
The property=”selectedItem refers to a string property in the form “UserDetailsForm ” which has been mapped in the struts-config.xml as a form-bean mapping.The name of the form-bean is “UserDetailsForm”. Now, with the name=”countryListAttribute” , it is taken from the request scope. The request scope is present in the action mapping as described as under.
Thus an important part to be noted is that in html:select , the property=”selectedItem” should be a string in the form-bean.
If you do not have getlabel() and getValue() to the associated form-bean then, by default, if you do not put label=”countryName” and value=”countryID” , it searches for the implementation of the getLabel() and getValue() inside the form-bean.