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Boggled by Eclipse - help!

 
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OK, I've downloaded the latest "stable" Eclipse from http://www.eclipse.org/ and tried to play with it, but I can't seem to make it do anything sensible.
I'm pretty sure that it's my understanding of the basic priciples which is getting in the way, as even the supplied documents baffle me.
For example, in the "platform User Documentation there is a section "Show me the files" in which it states "Bottom line, all of your resources are stored as normal files and folders on your machine. This allows you to
use other tools for working with your files."
Then immediately following it with no explanation
is a section "Exporting files" which states "You can export files from the workbench either by: dragging and dropping to the file system or using the export wizard." Huh ?
I don't think I'm asking much to get started. I just want to edit some of my source files to see if Eclipse can be useful for me.
Can anyone, with experience of Eclipse, help me out? Here are a few example questions to help you to laugh at my naivete:
  • I have a project I want to edit with Eclipse, to try it's much touted auto-completion and refactoring tools. I have tried to tell it where my source files are but it just sits there and pretends the directories are empty. How do I get it to recognize (or "load" or however eclipse likes to think of it) my project, so I can start to edit it ?
  • I make a lot of use of Ant for my build process, using it to filter, style, build, unit-test, deploy-locally, acceptance-test and finally release my software. Plenty of people claim Eclipse works well with Ant, but I can't find any mention of it in the supplied documentation.
  • I have heard good things about the CVS integration in Eclipse, and that is one of the main reasons for looking at it, so I can move to using a single version-store for development from multiple locations. There doesn't seem to be any mention of this in the supplied documentation, either!
  • I have seen people claim to be using various compilers/JVMs with Eclipse, but the supplied documentation seems convinced that only it's internal system (whatever that is) is available.

  • Help ?
     
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    Originally posted by Frank Carver:
    I'm pretty sure that it's my understanding of the basic priciples which is getting in the way, as even the supplied documents baffle me.


    Unfortunately, the documents aren't updated since version 1.0. AFAIK they will start working on them soon - see http://www.eclipse.org/eclipse/freeze_plan_2_0.html
    Some information on the current version is available at the Eclipse Wiki: http://eclipsewiki.swiki.net/
    You can also ask questions there.


    I have a project I want to edit with Eclipse, to try it's much touted auto-completion and refactoring tools. I have tried to tell it where my source files are but it just sits there and pretends the directories are empty. How do I get it to recognize (or "load" or however eclipse likes to think of it) my project, so I can start to edit it ?


    Did you try a "refresh"? It's in the context menu of the navigator- and packages view.


    I make a lot of use of Ant for my build process, using it to filter, style, build, unit-test, deploy-locally, acceptance-test and finally release my software. Plenty of people claim Eclipse works well with Ant, but I can't find any mention of it in the supplied documentation.


    Look for "Running Ant" in the tasks-section of the Workbench Usersguide.
    In the current version it is also possible to configure projects to automatically execute ant targets in the build cycle.


    I have heard good things about the CVS integration in Eclipse, and that is one of the main reasons for looking at it, so I can move to using a single version-store for development from multiple locations. There doesn't seem to be any mention of this in the supplied documentation, either!


    Take a look at the Team Tutorial and the other Team-subjects in the Workbench Usersguide.


    I have seen people claim to be using various compilers/JVMs with Eclipse, but the supplied documentation seems convinced that only it's internal system (whatever that is) is available.


    Eclipse always uses the internal compiler, as it is working in a special incremental mode and can even partially compile sources with compile time errors. The compiler is JDK 1.4 compatible, but can also be configured to work in a lower version mode.
    The JVM used when running/debugging programs can be configured for each launch configuration, as far as I remember.
    Hope this helps. Don't give up - Eclipse is a really cool IDE...
     
    Frank Carver
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    Thanks for taking the time to help. I'm still having problems with loading my files, though. I've discovered that when you create a new project it insists on setting it up inside the Eclipse directory (.../eclipse/workbench/whatever). All I want to do for the moment is "point" the project at the existing directories, which live somewhere else entirely.
    Is this possible? Do I really have to copy all my source files "inside" eclipse ? Normally I put my applications on Drive C, and my data on Drive D - can Eclipse work like this ?
    It seems I don't have the right documentation, either. All I could find on the eclipse.org site were some PDFs at http://www.eclipse.org/documentation/main.html
    org.eclipse.jdt.doc.isv.pdf
    org.eclipse.jdt.doc.user.pdf
    org.eclipse.pde.doc.user.pdf
    org.eclipse.platform.doc.isv.pdf
    org.eclipse.platform.doc.user.pdf
    And none of them have anything about "Running Ant". Is there somewhere else I should look ?
    I guess a big part of my problem is that I've not used any fancy IDEs, and just don't know what to expect - the nearest I've come is Kawa and TextPad, which are essentially just text editors with a build button. I'm sure I still haven't got the basic assumptions right - I keep expecting the "simple things" in Eclipse to work like I'm used to, but I've been at it over half a day and stil haven't been able to edit one of my existing files
    It does seem a little worrying that all the documentation and tutorials I have found so far seem to asume you are creating a system from scratch just for Eclipse. In my experience real software development is not like that, it's all about continuing development of existing code. If anyone can point me at any Eclipse documentation about working with existing code, I will be very grateful.
    Thanks again.
     
    Ilja Preuss
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    Originally posted by Frank Carver:
    I've discovered that when you create a new project it insists on setting it up inside the Eclipse directory (.../eclipse/workbench/whatever). All I want to do for the moment is "point" the project at the existing directories, which live somewhere else entirely.
    Is this possible? Do I really have to copy all my source files "inside" eclipse ? Normally I put my applications on Drive C, and my data on Drive D - can Eclipse work like this ?


    Yes, it can - I am working this way, too.
    When you create a new Java-Project, in the Project Wizards first page you can uncheck the "use default" checkbox for "project contents" and then choose the directory for your project. Somewhere in this directory has to live the source folder for your java files.


    It seems I don't have the right documentation, either. All I could find on the eclipse.org site were some PDFs at http://www.eclipse.org/documentation/main.html
    And none of them have anything about "Running Ant". Is there somewhere else I should look ?


    I was refering to the online help from the help menu of eclipse. Sorry for not having been more explicite about that... :roll:


    I guess a big part of my problem is that I've not used any fancy IDEs, and just don't know what to expect - the nearest I've come is Kawa and TextPad, which are essentially just text editors with a build button. I'm sure I still haven't got the basic assumptions right - I keep expecting the "simple things" in Eclipse to work like I'm used to, but I've been at it over half a day and stil haven't been able to edit one of my existing files


    Yes the first learning curve is rather steep. But trust me, the work will pay back soon.
    Don't hesitate to ask further questions!
    Regards, Ilja
     
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    Working through the tutorials (the on-line help), I didn't find the learning curve for the covered features steep at all. Except that I needed to understand the CVS model (from cvsbook.read-bean.com) before I could really make sense of the Team support. Perhaps using R1.0, in which the documentation matched the product well, makes it easier. However, Ant is not covered in the on-line documentation.
    Also, as I recall, the tutorials are not written for someone just starting out in Java, but that's not the issue here.
    Also, as I recall, the R1.0 PDF documenation had some problems. The on-line form worked better.
    [ May 28, 2002: Message edited by: John Dale ]
     
    Frank Carver
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    Thanks guys, I reckon I'm beginning to get there now. I've managed to load up an existing project and even edit a few files. This has only led to more questions, though ...
    It seems that the default behaviour for editing XML resources is to call out to the OS. On my windows box that starts IE and shows me a tree representing the file. Useless. I have found that if I manually force each file to use the built-in text editor it seems to "remember" and use it next time. Is there a way I can tell eclipse to just default to the internal text editor (or even something like TextPad) for unrecognized file types.
    I presume someone must have got some of the refactorings working. I have tried lots of times to do "extract method", but it always complains that "only statements in a method body may be extracted", even when I have selected a seemingly reasonable set of statements to extract. The online help doesn't actually give any concrete examples, so I don't really understand what it wants.
    I've now found the Ant integration, but it seems a bit clumsy to have to right-click on the build.xml, select "Run Ant", unselect the previous target, select a new target and click to execute it each time. Is there a way of defining some sort of "short-cut" or "macro" to do all this with a single click or keystroke. It may be that I'm missing something important again, as I haven't yet found out how to actually compile files in eclipse without using Ant!
    Once again, thanks. It's still not quite comfortble, but at least it's not as painful as it was ...
     
    Ilja Preuss
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    Originally posted by Frank Carver:
    It seems that the default behaviour for editing XML resources is to call out to the OS. On my windows box that starts IE and shows me a tree representing the file. Useless. I have found that if I manually force each file to use the built-in text editor it seems to "remember" and use it next time. Is there a way I can tell eclipse to just default to the internal text editor (or even something like TextPad) for unrecognized file types.


    In "Window/Preferences.../Workbench/File Editors" you can configure editors for specific filetypes - don't know about unrecognized ones, though.
    You might want to download solareclipse for an XML-Editor plugin with syntax-highlighting: https://sourceforge.net/projects/solareclipse/


    I presume someone must have got some of the refactorings working. I have tried lots of times to do "extract method", but it always complains that "only statements in a method body may be extracted", even when I have selected a seemingly reasonable set of statements to extract. The online help doesn't actually give any concrete examples, so I don't really understand what it wants.


    Hmm, most of the time the refactorings work for me...


    I've now found the Ant integration, but it seems a bit clumsy to have to right-click on the build.xml, select "Run Ant", unselect the previous target, select a new target and click to execute it each time. Is there a way of defining some sort of "short-cut" or "macro" to do all this with a single click or keystroke.


    Under "Run/External Tools" you will find a listing of all recently run ant targets.

    It may be that I'm missing something important again, as I haven't yet found out how to actually compile files in eclipse without using Ant!


    After you configured the source folder for your java-project, eclipse should compile automatically every time you modify your sources.
     
    Ilja Preuss
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    Originally posted by Frank Carver:
    I presume someone must have got some of the refactorings working. I have tried lots of times to do "extract method", but it always complains that "only statements in a method body may be extracted", even when I have selected a seemingly reasonable set of statements to extract. The online help doesn't actually give any concrete examples, so I don't really understand what it wants.


    Take a look at http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?RefactoringBenchmarksForExtractMethod
    Didn't try much refactoring in the latest stable build, though.
     
    Frank Carver
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    Thanks for the pointer to the Refactoring Benchmarks page. I'd seen the title before, but assumed it was benchmarks in the "speed test" sense. However, it does show up that I'm obviously missing something important about how to do refactoring with eclipse.
    I copied the first of the "benchmarks" into a java file of the same name in eclipse. I saved the file and eclipse correctly listed it in the outline. I then selected the lines between the comments in the editor and right-clicked to get the context menu, then selected "extract method".
    I still get the same message: "Cannot extract new method from selection. Only statements from a method body can be extracted." Hints ?
     
    Frank Carver
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    Ilja wrote: After you configured the source folder for your java-project, eclipse should compile automatically every time you modify your sources.
    So where does it put the classes etc., then? Does it build a jar or do I have to add some sort of output directory to my classpath in order to run the compiled system? What about my other resources (files etc.)?
    When I compile stuff myself "by hand" or when I use Ant, I know where everything has gone, so I know which directory to "cd" to in order to run the compiled system. Eclipse doesn't seem to make this very obvious at all!
     
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    Bring up the project properties by right-clicking on any of your projects.
    Select 'Java Build Path' from the list on the left and the 'Source' tab on the right.
    The 'Build output folder' is what your looking for.
     
    Ilja Preuss
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    Originally posted by Frank Carver:
    So where does it put the classes etc., then? Does it build a jar or do I have to add some sort of output directory to my classpath in order to run the compiled system? What about my other resources (files etc.)?


    It puts the class files and copies of any non-java file from the source folder(s) into the build output folder.
    If you use eclipse to start your program (use the run menu or the menu item from the context menu of your main class), it automatically adds it to the classpath.
     
    John Dale
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    If you want to be able to see all the files in a file folder view, go the Resources perspective . Even if the Resources icon is not visible or obvious, you can get there from the menu: Perspective - Open - Resources. If you have tinkered with your Resources perspective, you may need to to reset it (Perspective - Reset).
     
    Frank Carver
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    Thanks again for all the help. I've eventually sorted most of the problems I encountered above.
    I hope my questions don't come over as complaining - there are a lot of things I like about Eclipse, and the more I learn to think the way it wants, the more effective it becomes.
    For interest, a lot of my refactoring problems were apparently because the Java file I was editing wasn't in a "Java" project. There doesn't seem to be any way to make a project into a "Java" project once it is created, so I had to start again from scratch I was somewhat disappointed that the system apparently knows enough to not let the refactorings actually work, but doesn't know enough to disable them in the menus!
    I'm now trying to make the leap to using Eclipse as the sole development tool for a new project. So of course I now have more problems and questions
    One thing I really miss from the editor I used to mainly use (Kawa) is the ability to easily pop up the JavaDoc for a standard API class. This seems a wierd omission, given how hard Eclipse seems to try to understand Java. All I seem to get is a frustratingly unhelpful list of methods in a pop-up window which (sometimes) appears to distract me when I'm typing.
    1. Can I get Eclipse to show me the Javadoc for (say) java.lang.String or java.util.Map ?
    2. If I can't get that, is there at least some sort of key sequence to get it to pop up the list of methods for a class by selecting the class name or maybe the instance object name.
    3. Does anyone know of a way of making the pop-up list of methods more useful, or at least understanding them better. It seems to have been reverse engineered from the class files, so the method args are meaningless. It also doesn't seem to tell the return type.
    A few separate questions about the Java editor. I'm persevering, but it still feels quite clunky to me.
    Both Kawa and TextPad allow simple selection of one or more lines of text by clicking/dragging in the left margin. I keep trying to do this in Eclipse, but find it a suprisingly hard operation. Do I just have to get used to this ?
    Also the editor has a wierd (pale blue) line which appears where my cursor is and tricks me into thinking the line is selected. Can anyone explain what this is for. If I know its use maybe it wouldn't irritate me so much.
    Sometimes I inadvertently double-click on an editor tab and it "full-screen"s that file instead of just showing it in the editor pane. But there doesn't seem to be a way of getting back to the previous layout without resetting the whole perspective, which kills my JUnit. Have I missed something important here as well ?
    Thanks everyone.
     
    Ilja Preuss
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    Originally posted by Frank Carver:
    1. Can I get Eclipse to show me the Javadoc for (say) java.lang.String or java.util.Map ?


    F2 shows the JavaDoc of the current identifier, Shift-F2 opens it in an external browser.


    2. If I can't get that, is there at least some sort of key sequence to get it to pop up the list of methods for a class by selecting the class name or maybe the instance object name.


    Do you know Strg-Space?


    3. Does anyone know of a way of making the pop-up list of methods more useful, or at least understanding them better. It seems to have been reverse engineered from the class files, so the method args are meaningless. It also doesn't seem to tell the return type.


    Are you refering to the outline or to the code assist?


    Both Kawa and TextPad allow simple selection of one or more lines of text by clicking/dragging in the left margin. I keep trying to do this in Eclipse, but find it a suprisingly hard operation. Do I just have to get used to this ?


    Mhh, I never realized this as a problem. Perhaps you should post a feature request for this.


    Also the editor has a wierd (pale blue) line which appears where my cursor is and tricks me into thinking the line is selected. Can anyone explain what this is for. If I know its use maybe it wouldn't irritate me so much.


    You can disable this: Window|Preferences|Java|Editor|Appearance|Highlight current line


    Sometimes I inadvertently double-click on an editor tab and it "full-screen"s that file instead of just showing it in the editor pane. But there doesn't seem to be a way of getting back to the previous layout without resetting the whole perspective, which kills my JUnit. Have I missed something important here as well ?


    Just double-click again or choose "Restore" from the editors menu (click on the editors icon). This is standard behaviour at least for MS Windows systems.
     
    Frank Carver
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    F2 shows the JavaDoc of the current identifier, Shift-F2 opens it in an external browser.
    All I get when I hit F2, is a yellow box with the full class name in it (for example java.util.Map). When I hit Shift-F2, I get a message: "The documentation location for 'Map' has not been configured. For elements from Libraries specify the javadoc location URL on the property page of the parent JAR ("C:\program Files\Javasoft\JRE\1.3\lib.rt.jar"). I've had a look on the dialog where I add external jars to the project, but there doesn't seem any way to set the javadoc URL. Has anyone done this and could help me understand what it's asking me to do ?
    Do you know Strg-Space?
    I guess not, I don't even know what it means !
    Are you refering to the outline or to the code assist?
    I'm not sure. I'm talking about the box which pops up in the middle of the screen when I'm typing, but I don't know what it's called.
    Mhh, I never realized this as a problem. Perhaps you should post a feature request for this.
    OK. If a feature is not there I'm happy enough. It's just when I know it's there and can't work out how to use it that I get grumpy
    You can disable this: Window|Preferences|Java|Editor|Appearance|Highlight current line
    That's good. It's gone now. Still don't know what it was for, though.
    Just double-click again or choose "Restore" from the editors menu (click on the editors icon). This is standard behaviour at least for MS Windows systems.
    Ahh, excellent. I was expecting it to be some sort of global "go back to previous layout" menu option, or maybe the usual restore-size icon at the top right. Double clicking the file tab again
    is neat, though. I do most of my code editing on Windows, but I'd never done this. Perhaps I don't use enough tabbed systems.
     
    John Dale
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    quote:
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    2. If I can't get that, is there at least some sort of key sequence to get it to pop up the list of methods for a class by selecting the class name or maybe the instance object name.
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Do you know Strg-Space?
    - - - -
    I guess not, I don't even know what it means !


    To pop up a list of instance methods/fields, position the cursor to the right of an instance variable (or expression) followed by a period, and optionally the first few letters of the member name, and press Ctrl-Space. You can select an item to have Eclipse complete the reference.
    For class methods/fields, position cursor to right of class name followed by period instead instead.
     
    Ilja Preuss
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    Originally posted by Frank Carver:
    F2 shows the JavaDoc of the current identifier, Shift-F2 opens it in an external browser.
    All I get when I hit F2, is a yellow box with the full class name in it (for example java.util.Map).


    Then Eclipse didn't find the source-files for the JDK. It is expecting a src.jar or src.zip file in the installed JREs home directory.

    When I hit Shift-F2, I get a message: "The documentation location for 'Map' has not been configured. For elements from Libraries specify the javadoc location URL on the property page of the parent JAR ("C:\program Files\Javasoft\JRE\1.3\lib.rt.jar"). I've had a look on the dialog where I add external jars to the project, but there doesn't seem any way to set the javadoc URL. Has anyone done this and could help me understand what it's asking me to do ?


    Again, take a look at Window|Preferences|Java|Installed JREs


    Do you know Strg-Space?
    I guess not, I don't even know what it means !


    It's the hot-key to activate the code-assist.


    Are you refering to the outline or to the code assist?
    I'm not sure. I'm talking about the box which pops up in the middle of the screen when I'm typing, but I don't know what it's called.


    That is the code assist.


    Just double-click again or choose "Restore" from the editors menu (click on the editors icon). This is standard behaviour at least for MS Windows systems.
    Ahh, excellent. I was expecting it to be some sort of global "go back to previous layout" menu option, or maybe the usual restore-size icon at the top right. Double clicking the file tab again
    is neat, though. I do most of my code editing on Windows, but I'd never done this. Perhaps I don't use enough tabbed systems.


    It doesn't only work on tabs, but on any window's title bar!
     
    Frank Carver
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    Thanks a lot for that, I'll check out the JRE settings. I'm now finding more and more unexpectedly nice features in Eclipse. Soon I guess I won't be able to live without it
    I particularly like the way "save as" does a copy followed by an implicit rename refactoring.
    Do you know Strg-Space?
    I guess not, I don't even know what it means !
    It's the hot-key to activate the code-assist.

    I figured that, but I don't recognise "Strg" - if it's a modifier key, I guess we have different keyboards. I have "shift", "Ctrl", "Alt", "Alt Gr", two "Windows icon" keys and a "Menu icon" key. do you think it's likely to be any of these ?
     
    Ilja Preuss
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    Originally posted by Frank Carver:
    I figured that, but I don't recognise "Strg" - if it's a modifier key, I guess we have different keyboards. I have "shift", "Ctrl", "Alt", "Alt Gr", two "Windows icon" keys and a "Menu icon" key. do you think it's likely to be any of these ?


    Stupid me - "Strg" (short for "Steuerung") is the german translation of "Ctrl", of course... I just didn't realize that I was using the german form. Doh! :roll:
     
    Frank Carver
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    Thanks. I thought it was something like that.
     
    Greenhorn
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    Hello!
    To add the Javadoc for the JRE works under
    Window|Preferences|Java|Installed JREs,
    but how do I add a Javadoc for a library other then the JRE? In the Project Properties page under "Java Built Path" Tab "Libraries", where I add such a library, this is not possible, and I could not find another place to do so.
    Thank you for the help,
    Martin

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    When I hit Shift-F2, I get a message: "The documentation location for 'Map' has not been configured. For elements from Libraries specify the javadoc location URL on the property page of the parent JAR ("C:\program Files\Javasoft\JRE\1.3\lib.rt.jar"). I've had a look on the dialog where I add external jars to the project, but there doesn't seem any way to set the javadoc URL. Has anyone done this and could help me understand what it's asking me to do ?
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Again, take a look at Window|Preferences|Java|Installed JREs
     
    Ilja Preuss
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    Originally posted by Martin Dinkloh:
    Hello!
    To add the Javadoc for the JRE works under
    Window|Preferences|Java|Installed JREs,
    but how do I add a Javadoc for a library other then the JRE? In the Project Properties page under "Java Built Path" Tab "Libraries", where I add such a library, this is not possible, and I could not find another place to do so.


    Right-click the library in the package explorer, "Properties -> JavaDoc Location".
     
    Frank Carver
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    Wow. I'd pretty much forgotten all about this. I was using Eclipse for a while but then I had a disk crash and lost all my setups and never bothered to reinstall it. I'm also limited to using a slow, old, Pentium 200 machine for a lot of my development at the moment, and a big IDE like Eclipse would be out of the question.
    I miss some of the refactorings, but I don't miss being forced to work the way it wants me to. With a simple multi-window text editor and Ant I feel much less constrained.
     
    Ilja Preuss
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    Originally posted by Frank Carver:
    I miss some of the refactorings, but I don't miss being forced to work the way it wants me to. With a simple multi-window text editor and Ant I feel much less constrained.


    Interesting - I don't feel constrained using Eclipse at all. In fact, I feel rather freed...
    People differ, I guess.
     
    Ranch Hand
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    I copy a line by home, shift+end, Cntrl-c. This was how it worked in Visual age. Still not near the power of vi's dd but ...
     
    Ilja Preuss
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    Originally posted by Rufus BugleWeed:
    I copy a line by home, shift+end, Cntrl-c. This was how it worked in Visual age. Still not near the power of vi's dd but ...


    If you install the editor-enhancements plugin from http://sourceforge.net/projects/lunar-eclipse/ you will get Alt-C for copying a line, Alt-I for inserting, and others...
     
    Greenhorn
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    Hi!
    I still have problems to get Shift-F2 to work!
    O.k. I found that javadoc url entry in
    project-properties and preferences-java-jvm and
    configured it correctly.
    Now, it does not complain about missing
    javadoc-url for jdk/lib/rt.jar but
    now it is always complaining about missing
    documentation of the source file I am currently
    editing, e.g. I am requesting documentation
    for PreparedStatement.executeQuery and get
    the message:
    The documentation does not contain an entry for
    mypackage/MyEJB.java (File:...jdk/docs/api/mypackage/MyEJB.html does not exist)
    Well, I have some documentation in the source file, but I do not want to generate any documentation. Especially not into the jdk-directory, where it searches. And even if I would,
    it would not found anything there that interests me.
    Any Help?
    best regards
    Thorsten van Ellen
     
    He got surgery to replace his foot with a pig. He said it was because of this tiny ad:
    a bit of art, as a gift, that will fit in a stocking
    https://gardener-gift.com
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