I can answer the "adaptive format" question. This format is used in many college level entrance exams (when I took the GRE, it was adaptive).
This is a very broad description of an adaptive format
test copied from the FAQ on the GRE website (
http://www.gre.org/faq.html#aboutcbt):
Q. How does the computer-adaptive General Test work?
A. A computer-adaptive test is tailored to your performance level and provides precise information about your abilities using fewer test questions than traditional paper-based tests.
At the start of the test, you are presented with test questions of average difficulty. As you answer each question, the computer scores that question and uses that information, as well as your responses to previous questions and information about the test design, to determine which question is presented next. As long as you respond correctly, typically questions of increased difficulty are presented. If incorrect responses are entered, typically the computer presents questions of lesser difficulty. Your next question will be the one that best reflects both your previous performance and the test design. This means that different test takers will be given different questions.
As for scoring, each question has a point value associated with it according to difficulty. The more difficult questions you answer, the higher score you'll get right. In these tests, how you do on the first 3/4 of the test determines the majority of your score.
Mark
The article says they will make a decision by mid-July. It will still take some time to change the exam format and distribute it globally.