There's lots of good info on this in the JLS, but let me try to explain best I can.
Hiding deals with inheritance of classes. A variable or method in a subclass can hide a variable or method in the superclass. Here's an example:
Shadowing is really the same notion and is, in my opinion, only subtly different. With shadowing, inheritance is not involved. Rather, some variable, which is currently in scope, is "shadowed" by another variable with the same name. This shadowing causes the original variable to be inaccessible (by a simple name) until the new variable goes out of scope. Here's another example:
Obscuring isn't seen very often. Obscuring really occurs when no differentation can be made between the name of a variable, a type, or a package. In general, if you follow proper naming conventions, you'll rarely run into such a case.
Here are some points of interest in the JLS that will give you more info on these three things:
§6.3.1 Shadowing Declarations §6.3.2 Obscured Declarations §8.3 Field Declarations §8.4.6.2 Hiding (by Class Methods) I hope that helps.