public class TeSet {
2. public static void main(String args[]) {
3. int m = 2;
4. int p = 1;
5. int t = 0;
6. for(;p < 5;p++) {
System.out.println("p ="+p+", t ="+t);
7. if(t++ > m) {
8. m = p + t;
9. }
10. }
11. System.out.println("t equals " + t);
12. }
13. }
explaination.
In above example insert the line between 6 & 7. Its quite cleared that loop executes four times. adn t is incremented four times. Hence 't' should be four.
As far as for loop is concerned it should always have boolean condition.
other things are optional i.e declaration and iterator condition.
2.
class Value{ public int i = 15;} //Value
public class Test{
public static void main(String argv[]) {
Test t = new Test();
1.t.first(); }
public void first() {
2.int i = 5;
3.Value v = new Value();
4.v.i = 25;
second(v, i);
5.System.out.println(v.i); }
public void second(Value v, int i) {
6.i = 0;
7.v.i = 20;
8.Value val = new Value();
9.v = val;
10.System.out.println(v.i + " " + i);
}} // Test
line1: a stack is created for method 'first()'.
line 2: local variable i in stack is assigned value 5. its scope is till line5. It will not be visble when method "second" is being executed.
line3
bejct of type Value with reference 'v' is added to heap. its instnace variable i has value '15'. i.e v.i = 15;
line 4: instance variable i of Value(refered by V) is overwrriten i.e v.i = 25;
line 6: local variable i is created with value '0'. its scope exists till line 10.
line 7: inside method 'second()'. another object reference of type v points to our Value Object in heap. i.e. v.i = 25;so now two Object references points to same Value Object in heap. its modified to '20' so now v.i = 20;
line 8: New Value object is created and is referenced by 'val' i.e val.i==15.
so now our heap contains two 'Values' objects(v.i = 25 val.i = 15) and three references (v from first(), v from second(its parameter of second method) and val )
line 9: v= val; ('v' from second method will now refer to 'val' i.e v.i = 15)
line 10: local variable i of method second and v of method second.
line 5. on line 7 the state of object was modified. so now the Object reference v (of first method) is 20 . i.e v.i = 20
same code can be re written as:
class Value{ public int i = 15;} //Value
public class Test{
public static void main(String argv[]) {
Test t = new Test();
t.first(); }
public void first() {
int i1 = 5;
Value v1 = new Value();
v1.i = 25;
second(v1, i1);
System.out.println(v1.i); }
public void second(Value v2, int i2) {
i2 = 0;
v2.i = 20;
Value val = new Value();
v2 = val;
System.out.println(v2.i + " " + i2);
}} // Test
