How classpath works for executable Jars

[A Flatoff]

I've found that when I create a Java batch application and Jar it up as an executable jar (Main-class indicated in manifest, run with "java -jar")

That my external dependant Jar files are never found unless I add them to the class-path in the executable Jar's manifest file.

I always get ClassNoDefFound errors if I try to define the class in any of the following ways:

- System environment variable "CLASSPATH"
- java -classpath parameter

I am wondering if there is something special about executable JAR files where you are required to specify your classpath inside of the manifest only or what else might be going on here.

[Ernest Friedman-Hill]

Yes. CLASSPATH environment variables and the -classpath switch are both ignored when Java is running an executable jar.

Moving to Java in General (Beginner).