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byte type

 
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why do we need to do an explicit cast for 192 and 168 in line 2 above ?

I only know this much: a byte's range is -128 to 127.
 
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So haven't you answered your own question?!
 
Pho Tek
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So does it mean that casting 192 to byte would mean that the byte is now storing -64 ?
 
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As an int, 192 in binary is...

0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1100 0000

Casting this value to a byte discards everything except the 8 rightmost bits...

1100 0000

...which is -64.
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