It is rather hard to make suggestions without knowing your use case.
One of the popular source code repositories within corporations is SubVersion, and the canonical reference for that is the
SubVersion Red Book.
A very popular source code repository for open source software is Git. For that you might want to look at the
Git Community Book.
Note that even though I have said that SVN is popular in corporations and Git is popular in open source projects, neither is an absolute. There are plenty of other repository managers which can be used in either case, and SVN is still in use in open source projects, and Git is also making (slow) inroads into distributed corporate environments.