the most popular frameworks for creating web applications right now would probably be
struts(1 or 2) or Spring MVC for the front end. Hibernate for the persistence layer, and spring to wire everything together. There are a TON of options out there, it's really picking the right one for the job, if it's 12 users or 1200,
you should still build a solid application. it really depends on the type of app you're building too. With the info you gave there's not much to go on, but I've used those for both large and small projects and they've been fine.
As far as pulling out code into a jar what's the point of that in this case? Are you making more than one application? Or are you planning to reuse it in multiple different applications? Just because you have concurrent users does not mean you need 12 applications running. You'll just have to have your application manage the details of the users, otherwise your application server will handle most of that. Most every website has concurrent users, they each have their own session, from their own browser. It's not like after I login to this application you can hit profile and it's mine and not yours, although you could program it to be like that if you wanted to.