Tomcat doesn't start, Connection refused

[Federico Fna]

Hi all, since 3 days i'm trying to work with my new cloud server but Apache Tomcat doesn't start. I've made the some with my old provider and all worked fine, and on my Ubuntu pc and all works fine, but not with this new cloud service. I've tried all ways, can anyone help me? Thank, here is all infos.

1) Cloud server based on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS
2) Java version 1.6.0_24
3) Apache Tomcat 7.0.56
4) The server seems start fine, with the output

Using CATALINA_BASE:   /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
Using CLASSPATH:       /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

but at this point is impossible see the by browser the page http://[ip]:8080, i read a message of impossible connection.
5) But if i try to shutdown it i see

Using CATALINA_BASE:   /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
Using CLASSPATH:       /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Oct 28, 2014 8:14:17 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina stopServer
SEVERE: Could not contact localhost:8005. Tomcat may not be running.
Oct 28, 2014 8:14:17 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina stopServer
SEVERE: Catalina.stop: 
java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
	at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)
	at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:327)
	at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:193)
	at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:180)
	at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:384)
	at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:546)
	at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:495)
	at java.net.Socket.<init>(Socket.java:392)
	at java.net.Socket.<init>(Socket.java:206)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.stopServer(Catalina.java:498)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.stopServer(Bootstrap.java:370)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:457)

6) The output of catalina.sh run is:

Using CATALINA_BASE:   /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
Using CLASSPATH:       /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:19 PM org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
INFO: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/amd64/server:/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/amd64:/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64/jre/../lib/amd64:/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/jni:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:/usr/lib/jni:/lib:/usr/lib
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:19 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:19 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:19 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
INFO: Initialization processed in 543 ms
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:19 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
INFO: Starting service Catalina
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:19 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.56
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:19 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/webapps/ROOT
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:20 PM org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsSci onStartup
INFO: JSR 356 WebSocket (Java WebSocket 1.0) support is not available when running on Java 6. To suppress this message, run Tomcat on Java 7, remove the WebSocket JARs from $CATALINA_HOME/lib or add the WebSocket JARs to the tomcat.util.scan.DefaultJarScanner.jarsToSkip property in $CATALINA_BASE/conf/catalina.properties. Note that the deprecated Tomcat 7 WebSocket API will be available. 
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.catalina.util.SessionIdGenerator createSecureRandom
INFO: Creation of SecureRandom instance for session ID generation using [SHA1PRNG] took [1,076] milliseconds.
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deployment of web application directory /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/webapps/ROOT has finished in 1,477 ms
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/webapps/docs
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deployment of web application directory /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/webapps/docs has finished in 54 ms
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/webapps/examples
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deployment of web application directory /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/webapps/examples has finished in 324 ms
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/webapps/host-manager
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deployment of web application directory /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/webapps/host-manager has finished in 56 ms
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/webapps/manager
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deployment of web application directory /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/webapps/manager has finished in 53 ms
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
INFO: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
INFO: Starting ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
INFO: Server startup in 2010 ms
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer await
SEVERE: StandardServer.await: create[localhost:8005]: 
java.net.BindException: Cannot assign requested address
	at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketBind(Native Method)
	at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.bind(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:353)
	at java.net.ServerSocket.bind(ServerSocket.java:336)
	at java.net.ServerSocket.<init>(ServerSocket.java:202)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.await(StandardServer.java:427)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.await(Catalina.java:777)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:723)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:321)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:455)
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause
INFO: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause
INFO: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService stopInternal
INFO: Stopping service Catalina
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol stop
INFO: Stopping ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol stop
INFO: Stopping ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
INFO: Destroying ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
Oct 28, 2014 8:19:21 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
INFO: Destroying ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]

I'm really desperate, if anyone can help me i can send the root data to login on my cloud, to best understand the situation (is not a problem for me, now in the server are only programs and after the operations i can reset the password).

Please... Thank in advance. If needs other infos, i'm here!

[Joe San]

There seems to be an already running server instance on port 8005. The BindException that you see in the server log is the key! Try to kill the process that is running on port 8005 and restart Tomcat again. Hopefully this should cure the situation.

[Federico Fna]

WOW, thank for your fast reply! I try in 2 minutes!

[Federico Fna]

EDIT: If i write sudo netstat -tapen | grep ":8005 "
i see nothing and the terminal give me another prompt row...

and with netstat i see

Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      11768/sshd      
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      11768/sshd 

If you want, i can provide you the credential to my cloud server...

[Joe San]

Try configuring Tomcat to start on a different port!

[Federico Fna]

Already done. If i change in conf/server.xml the port 8005 in 8006, such that the file is

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!--
  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  limitations under the License.
-->
<!-- Note:  A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not
     define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
     Documentation at /docs/config/server.html
 -->
<Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
  <!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />
  -->
  <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
  <!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html -->
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />
  <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />

  <!-- Global JNDI resources
       Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html
  -->
  <GlobalNamingResources>
    <!-- Editable user database that can also be used by
         UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users
    -->
    <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
              type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
              description="User database that can be updated and saved"
              factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
              pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
  </GlobalNamingResources>

  <!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share
       a single "Container" Note:  A "Service" is not itself a "Container",
       so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
       Documentation at /docs/config/service.html
   -->
  <Service name="Catalina">

    <!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->
    <!--
    <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"
        maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>
    -->


    <!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received
         and responses are returned. Documentation at :
         Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking)
         Java AJP  Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html
         APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html
         Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080
    -->
    <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />
    <!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->
    <!--
    <Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"
               port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />
    -->
    <!-- Define a SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443
         This connector uses the BIO implementation that requires the JSSE
         style configuration. When using the APR/native implementation, the
         OpenSSL style configuration is required as described in the APR/native
         documentation -->
    <!--
    <Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol"
               maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" scheme="https" secure="true"
               clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" />
    -->

    <!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 -->
    <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />


    <!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes
         every request.  The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone
         analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them
         on to the appropriate Host (virtual host).
         Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html -->

    <!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :
    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">
    -->
    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">

      <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
          /docs/cluster-howto.html  (simple how to)
          /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->
      <!--
      <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>
      -->

      <!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords
           via a brute-force attack -->
      <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
        <!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI
             resources under the key "UserDatabase".  Any edits
             that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately
             available for use by the Realm.  -->
        <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
               resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
      </Realm>

      <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">

        <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications
             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->
        <!--
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />
        -->

        <!-- Access log processes all example.
             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html
             Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
               prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"
               pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />

      </Host>
    </Engine>
  </Service>
</Server>

i see this

Using CATALINA_BASE:   /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
Using CLASSPATH:       /home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Oct 28, 2014 9:09:10 PM org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.Digester fatalError
SEVERE: Parse Fatal Error at line 22 column 31: Element type "Server" must be followed by either attribute specifications, ">" or "/>".
org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; systemId: file:/home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/conf/server.xml; lineNumber: 22; columnNumber: 31; Element type "Server" must be followed by either attribute specifications, ">" or "/>".
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:198)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.fatalError(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:177)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:391)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLScanner.reportFatalError(XMLScanner.java:1391)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.seekCloseOfStartTag(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:1372)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:1305)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$ContentDriver.scanRootElementHook(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:1293)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:3080)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$PrologDriver.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:899)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:625)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:488)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:819)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:748)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:123)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(AbstractSAXParser.java:1208)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(SAXParserImpl.java:525)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.Digester.parse(Digester.java:1561)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.stopServer(Catalina.java:469)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.stopServer(Bootstrap.java:370)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:457)
Oct 28, 2014 9:09:10 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina stopServer
SEVERE: Catalina.stop: 
org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; systemId: file:/home/apache-tomcat-7.0.56/conf/server.xml; lineNumber: 22; columnNumber: 31; Element type "Server" must be followed by either attribute specifications, ">" or "/>".
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(AbstractSAXParser.java:1234)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(SAXParserImpl.java:525)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.Digester.parse(Digester.java:1561)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.stopServer(Catalina.java:469)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.stopServer(Bootstrap.java:370)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:457)

I'm desperate... Do you want check it, with my credentials? I can try to reset the entire cloud, so you can try finding a clear situation... Thank for your help

[Tim Cooke]

Hello Federico, welcome to the Ranch

I edited the title of your thread. Things like "I'm desperate" tend to put people off.

[Federico Fna]

Thank, Tim!

[Tim Holloway]

According to the Digester report, your server.xml is now defective somewhere around the shutdown="SHUTDOWN" attribute. Possibly you used a word processor to edit it and it inserted a left-double-quote character instead of a symmetric double-quote character.

Port 8005 is the Tomcat control port used by administrative clients to shutdown Tomcat. It's not commonly used for any other application, so I'd keep running netstat and try and see what's grabbing that port. My favorite command usage is "netstat -lnp | grep 8005". Whether sudo is required here, I'm not sure, although it doesn't hurt.

Your original message, however, hints that there's a firewall blocking port 8080. Which is something that your system administrator will have to address. Although Tomcat isn't fully functional with port 8005 unavailable, you could probably still talk to port 8080 if the port wasn't blocked.

[Federico Fna]

In both case (sudo netstat -lnp | grep 8080, and with 8005) i see another prompt without any message. I thin, this is a provider problem. Maybe i must change it.