As others have said, Python is a good general purpose language. Django (and other frameworks) makes it good for web apps. Pandas and numpy/scipy make it good for science and number crunching. It's clean syntax and standard library make it good for general scripting and sysadmin work. Celery, Fabric, Chef, etc. make it good for devops.
Python seems to lack in the gaming area, though there are professional games written in Python:
http://inventwithpython.com/blog/2013/02/19/what-professional-games-use-pygame/
I know "Python can do anything" is vague (and true of all languages), but because it has a simple syntax Python is a great tool for any problem. It's the reason I write all my programming-for-complete-beginners books using Python.
Automate the Boring Stuff with Python, a free book for beginners.
https://automatetheboringstuff.com
If you like the book (or even hate it), please write an Amazon review!