Unable to build entity manager factory

[Brian Jones Jr.]

My stack:
JBoss Wildfly 10 server
Ubuntu 16.04
Java 8
Postgres 9.5.6
Hibernate 5

I am having problems trying to get my JUnit test to work. The unit tests were created by JBoss and they are used to test if Hibernate is working properly. I got their hibernate5 quickstart tutorial to work, and it was using an H2 database. Now I'm trying to using some of their code (datasource.xml and persistence.xml) for my personal project, and I'm using a Postgres database with Hibernate JPA. I got the following exception when I tried to run the unit test:

@BeforeClass - runOnceBeforeClass
Problem creating factory
javax.persistence.PersistenceException: Unable to build entity manager factory
	at org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider.createEntityManagerFactory(HibernatePersistenceProvider.java:66)
	at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:55)
	at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:39)
	at com.bernales.test.TestEntityManager.runOnceBeforeClass(TestEntityManager.java:34)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:678)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
Caused by: org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.spi.JdbcEnvironment]
	at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.createService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:264)
	at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:228)
	at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:207)
	at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.JdbcServicesImpl.configure(JdbcServicesImpl.java:51)
	at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.configureService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:94)
	at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:237)
	at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:207)
	at org.hibernate.boot.model.process.spi.MetadataBuildingProcess.handleTypes(MetadataBuildingProcess.java:352)
	at org.hibernate.boot.model.process.spi.MetadataBuildingProcess.complete(MetadataBuildingProcess.java:111)
	at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.metadata(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:847)
	at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:874)
	at org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider.createEntityManagerFactory(HibernatePersistenceProvider.java:58)
	... 19 more
Caused by: org.hibernate.engine.jndi.JndiException: Error parsing JNDI name [java:jboss/datasources/HibernateMyAppDS]
	at org.hibernate.engine.jndi.internal.JndiServiceImpl.parseName(JndiServiceImpl.java:124)
	at org.hibernate.engine.jndi.internal.JndiServiceImpl.locate(JndiServiceImpl.java:95)
	at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DatasourceConnectionProviderImpl.configure(DatasourceConnectionProviderImpl.java:98)
	at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.configureService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:94)
	at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:237)
	at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:207)
	at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.buildJdbcConnectionAccess(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:145)
	at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.initiateService(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:66)
	at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.initiateService(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:35)
	at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.initiateService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:88)
	at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.createService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:254)
	... 30 more
Caused by: javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file:  java.naming.factory.initial
	at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getInitialContext(NamingManager.java:662)
	at javax.naming.InitialContext.getDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:313)
	at javax.naming.InitialContext.getURLOrDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:350)
	at javax.naming.InitialContext.getNameParser(InitialContext.java:505)
	at org.hibernate.engine.jndi.internal.JndiServiceImpl.parseName(JndiServiceImpl.java:118)
	... 40 more

Here's the unit test method that corresponds with the exception. The exception is thrown in the try block:

package com.bernales.test;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;

import java.util.List;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import com.bernales.model.Person;

public class TestEntityManager {

	final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestEntityManager.class);
	
	private static EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory;
	private static EntityManager entityManager;

	// Run once, e.g. Database connection, connection pool
	@BeforeClass
	public static void runOnceBeforeClass() {
		System.out.println("@BeforeClass - runOnceBeforeClass");
		try {
			entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("primary");
		} catch (Exception exception) {
			System.out.println("Problem creating factory");
			exception.printStackTrace();
			System.out.println("");
		}
	}

	...
	
	}
}

I tried to configure my standalone.xml using this StackOverflow post webpage. Here's what my standalone.xml datasource looks like:

<datasources>
		<datasource jta="false" jndi-name="java:jboss/datasources/HibernateMyAppDS" pool-name="myappds" enabled="true" use-ccm="false">
    		    <connection-url>jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/postgres</connection-url>
    		    <driver>postgres</driver>
    	            <security>
        	        <user-name>postgres</user-name>
        		<password>postgres</password>
    		    </security>
   		    <validation>
        		<validate-on-match>false</validate-on-match>
        		<background-validation>false</background-validation>
    		    </validation>
    		    <statement>
        		<share-prepared-statements>false</share-prepared-statements>
    		    </statement>
		</datasource>
		<drivers>
    		    <driver name="postgres" module="org.postgres">
        	        <driver-class>org.postgresql.Driver</driver-class>
    		    </driver>
		</drivers>               
 
		<!-- example from hibernate5 quickstart tutorial using h2 database
		<datasource jndi-name="java:jboss/datasources/ExampleDS" pool-name="ExampleDS" enabled="true" use-java-context="true">
                    <connection-url>jdbc:h2:mem:test;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE</connection-url>
                    <driver>h2</driver>
                    <security>
                        <user-name>sa</user-name>
                        <password>sa</password>
                    </security>
                </datasource>
                <drivers>
                    <driver name="h2" module="com.h2database.h2">
                        <xa-datasource-class>org.h2.jdbcx.JdbcDataSource</xa-datasource-class>
                    </driver>
                </drivers>
		-->

</datasources>

Here's what my module.xml looks like. It's in directory wildfly-10.1.0.final/modules/org/postgres/main:

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<module xmlns="urn:jboss:module:1.1" name="org.postgres">

    <resources>
        <resource-root path="postgresql-42.0.0-jdbc4.jar"/>
    </resources>

    <dependencies>
        <module name="javax.api"/>
        <module name="javax.transaction.api"/>
        <module name="javax.servlet.api" optional="true"/>
    </dependencies>
</module>

Here's what my datasource in the WEB-INF folder looks like:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<datasources xmlns="http://www.jboss.org/ironjacamar/schema"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.jboss.org/ironjacamar/schema http://docs.jboss.org/ironjacamar/schema/datasources_1_0.xsd">
   <!-- The datasource is bound into JNDI at this location. We reference
      this in META-INF/persistence.xml -->
   <datasource jndi-name="java:jboss/datasources/HibernateMyAppDS"
      pool-name="myappds" enabled="true"
      use-java-context="true">
      <connection-url>jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/postgres</connection-url>
      <driver>postgres</driver>
      <security>
         <user-name>postgres</user-name>
         <password>postgres</password>
      </security>
   </datasource>
</datasources>

Here's what my persistence.xml looks like from the META-INF folder:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<persistence version="2.1"
	xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence
        http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd">

	<persistence-unit name="primary">
		<provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
		<!-- The datasource is deployed as WEB-INF/myapp-ds.xml, 
			you can find it in the source at src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/myapp-ds.xml -->
		<jta-data-source>java:jboss/datasources/HibernateMyAppDS</jta-data-source>
		<!-- Annotated entity classes -->
		<class>com.bernales.model.Person</class>
		<properties>
			<!-- Properties for Hibernate -->
			<property name="hibernate.archive.autodetection" value="class" />
			<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect" />
			<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create" />
			<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.postgresql.Driver" />
			<property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="postgres" />
			<property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="postgres" />
			<property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/postgres" />
		</properties>

	</persistence-unit>

</persistence>

Does anyone know what I need to do in order to fix this exception? Thanks.

[Rob Spoor]

Ignore any JBoss/WildFly specific configuration. You're trying to run a unit test, and that has (more or less) the same rules as a standalone JSE application.

Last time I had to unit test my database code, I simply used a second persistence.xml (in src/test/resources/META-INF) with its own persistence unit name, and used that. This one was mostly identical, except:
1) the transaction-type was RESOURCE_LOCAL instead of JTA.
2) there was no data source, but properties for connecting instead (you already have those).
3) classes were included instead of relying on automatic discovery.

[Brian Jones Jr.]

Rob Spoor wrote:Ignore any JBoss/WildFly specific configuration. You're trying to run a unit test, and that has (more or less) the same rules as a standalone JSE application.

Last time I had to unit test my database code, I simply used a second persistence.xml (in src/test/resources/META-INF) with its own persistence unit name, and used that. This one was mostly identical, except:
1) the transaction-type was RESOURCE_LOCAL instead of JTA.
2) there was no data source, but properties for connecting instead (you already have those).
3) classes were included instead of relying on automatic discovery.

Thanks! I'll give this a try.