Flow Control, If Statement.

[Kelvin Okornoe]

The question is taken from whizlabs.

public class Whiz {
               
        public static void main(String args [ ]) {
                 
                 int _6 = 6;
                              
                 if(_6 > 6)
                      System.out.print(">6");              
                      System.out.print(" or ");
                 else {
                      System.out.print("<6");
                 }
        }
}

I tried compiling this code and I get this error on line 10.
"error: 'else' without if"
What I know is that, the if condition execute the statement on Line 8 when it evaluates to true and the statement on Line 9 will always execute regardless the condition evaluates to either true or false.
I don't know what am missing here.
Please help me out.
Thank you.

[O Shea]

Actually problem is that after 1st if statement you have putted another statement and then you have your else statement which is wrong because->

if you are using if statement without curly braces then you can write ATMOST1 statement after it and that statement should not be declarative statement means->

int a=12;
if(a<10)  //See without curly braces only 1 statement allowed 
a++;

--a; //If you write this also then it is not considered as part of if statement .

Now see->

int a=12;
if(a<10)  //See with curly braces as many statement you wrote are allowed 
{
a++;

--a; // Now it is part of if statement because braces are there.
}

Now see->

else without if means->

int a=12;
if(a<10)  //See without curly braces only 1 statement allowed 
a++;

--a; //If you write this also then it is not considered as part of if statement .

else

System,out.println(a); //This else statement should be directly after if statement.

Here above because we don't use curly braces so statement after a++ is not part of if statement and hence if we write else after --a then it says then else without if because there is no previous if . Because that if is end now , that if is applicable only upto 1st statement which is (a++).

Correct code->

int a=12;
if(a<10)  //See with curly braces as many statement you wrote are allowed 
{
a++;
}
else
--a; //Now this is considered as part of else statement .

Above by using proper braces and else statement directly after if the code compiles fine.

[Kelvin Okornoe]

O Shea wrote:Actually problem is that after 1st if statement you have putted another statement and then you have your else statement which is wrong because->

if you are using if statement without curly braces then you can write ATMOST1 statement after it and that statement should not be declarative statement means->

int a=12;
if(a<10)  //See without curly braces only 1 statement allowed 
a++;

--a; //If you write this also then it is not considered as part of if statement .

Now see->

int a=12;
if(a<10)  //See with curly braces as many statement you wrote are allowed 
{
a++;

--a; // Now it is part of if statement because braces are there.
}

Now see->

else without if means->

int a=12;
if(a<10)  //See without curly braces only 1 statement allowed 
a++;

--a; //If you write this also then it is not considered as part of if statement .

else

System,out.println(a); //This else statement should be directly after if statement.

Here above because we don't use curly braces so statement after a++ is not part of if statement and hence if we write else after --a then it says then else without if because there is no previous if . Because that if is end now , that if is applicable only upto 1st statement which is (a++).

Correct code->

int a=12;
if(a<10)  //See with curly braces as many statement you wrote are allowed 
{
a++;
}
else
--a; //Now this is considered as part of else statement .

Above by using proper braces and else statement directly after if the code compiles fine.

IF I understand you very well O Shea, so after your first statement of the if condition it it illegal to add any statement if you don't put them in blocks(curly braces).

[O Shea]

No it is legal but that statement is considered as normal program instruction and not of if statement.

[O Shea]

Try this->

class FunctionOverloading
{
        public static void main(String args [ ]) {
                  
                 int _6 = 6;
                               
                 if(_6 < 6)
                      System.out.print(">6");
                 
                 System.out.println("Normal flow"); //Not part of if statement. This will run regardless of whether if condition evaluates to true or false                 
        }
}

[Kelvin Okornoe]

O Shea wrote:Try this->

class FunctionOverloading
{
        public static void main(String args [ ]) {
                  
                 int _6 = 6;
                               
                 if(_6 < 6)
                      System.out.print(">6");
                 
                 System.out.println("Normal flow"); //Not part of if statement. This will run regardless of whether if condition evaluates to true or false                 
        }
}

You are right... but the moment I add an else clause to it...then I get into trouble.

[O Shea]

Yes because else should be placed directly after if or after else-if .

Well this is from which test of Whizlabs?? 1Z0-803 or 808?

[Kelvin Okornoe]

O Shea wrote:Yes because else should be placed directly after if or after else-if .

Well this is from which test of Whizlabs?? 1Z0-803 or 808?

IZ0-808

[Roel De Nijs]

Kelvin Okornoe wrote:What I know is that, the if condition execute the statement on Line 8 when it evaluates to true and the statement on Line 9 will always execute regardless the condition evaluates to either true or false.
I don't know what am missing here.

What you know is wrong! No code will be executed because you get a compiler error due to line9. It would have been true if you remove the else block (lines 10-12) from the code. If you want the current code to compile successfully, you have two options: either wrap lines 8 & 9 within a pair of curly braces or remove line8/line9.