Your data structure choice depends on size and dynamics (add, find, remove, etc.)
that you don't describe. As for synchronization, all users of a referenced item must be
protected from untimely changes to that item. So if user37 reads or updates the object
referenced by Key1, user37 must synchronize on that object, not the entire data structure.
In addition, users that use or change the data structure must synchronize on it.
Jim ...

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