Giovanni Montano

Is the random code generated(just add some logs) is the Recycler view generated? Pplease furnish some `Log.d` So that we can debug together

Charles Ongky wrote:But in May 26 post there is no edit button. There is only quote button.

please check this llnk from official documentation to print from Android link

use the xml way to proceed as per documentation"
<WebView    android:id="@+id/webview"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent" />

and then
@Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        WebView webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview); (adapt to your implementation, basically use the code you already wrote)        WebSettings webSettings = webView.getSettings();        webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);        webView.loadUrl("https://www.journaldev.com");    }

Mary Alexis wrote:Good day! I am a beginner in flutter and I tried creating a mask detector. However, I encountered this error every time I select a picture in the gallery or capturing a pic in my camera.

Please consider that Flutter is not Android native, but a mobile platform written in a different language called Dart, that usually does not have Android native performance.
By the way i suggesti you to check the fact that s ince Friday is in alpha the library to write in Jetpack Compose the iOS UI, so I am not sure how long Flutter will last if native is taking the same path of Dart

I suggest you to breakpoint the line
      fine = gfg[label];

you are possibly getting a null value.
try to "hardcode" the text passing a value as "fine" instead of fine  in Text("fine") and see if is working, if is giving you the output fine

Eduardo Silva wrote:Hello,

there a possibility of optmize this following partial solution to hide one widget totally opaque?

Hiding a Window when capturing screen content using MediaProjection

It looks as a real hedge case, I suggest you to try the Stack Overflow suggestion yourself. Is quite though per se, let alone without a context. Good luck and sorry if I cannot be more helpful

B Collins wrote:Hi

tried to save some data in Kotlin on my device

but how can I get programatically the default data directory to store the file?

Help would be great

you may  want to use the `File` API and `openFileOutput` function to store the data locally.

Mick Dawdy wrote:Thank you for this good information

Here a working example, this is the way you would pass a modern code review in the industry:
please notice the comments //first //second etc, this is the way the log will appear using async instead of launch:

fun AsyncCallOneWaitForTheOther {   Log.i("Async", "Before")//first //async make both function in parallel   val resultOne = Async(Dispatchers.IO) { function1() }   val resultTwo = Async(Dispatchers.IO) { function2() }   Log.i("Async", "After")//second   val resultText = resultOne.await() + resultTwo.await()   Log.i("Async", resultText) // fifth (there is await that block main thread till async is not ready!) }   suspend fun function1(): String {   delay(1000L)   val message = "function1"   Log.i("Async", message)//fourth   return message }   suspend fun function2(): String {   delay(100L)   val message = "function2"   Log.i("Async", message)//third, is executed first because smaller delay   return message }

Notice result is returned when both the functions are BOTH returned, the same you can do if you really want to execute a first call and wait for the result, just use `await` and assign to a variable the flow will stop, here you are making both the call in parallel (faster), and when both of them are executed a result is returned.

If you want the use case of running first function1 that has a delay of 1 sec, and then function 2 that has a delay 10 times slower(should run before in theory) you can use withContext

 resultOne = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) { function1() }  resultTwo = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) { function2() }  Log.i("withContext", "After")  val resultText = resultOne + resultTwo//IMPORTANT in THIS CASE IS NOT Needed AWAIT BECAUSE WITHCONTEXT WILL RETURN WHEN FINISHED

as this link explains:

function 2 executes faster than function 1 since function 2 has less delay then function 1. Since withContext is a suspend call, that is it won’t go to the next line until it finished. Since withContext is a suspend call and does not block the main thread, we can do other tasks while the IO thread is busy in executing function1 and function 2.

a suspend call  is a function that could be started, paused, and resumed.
usually you use the  keyword suspend:

suspend fun doTheTaskInsideThisFunction():String {    delay(2000L);    return " Hi I am a fake server response that last 2 seconds, and SUSPEND the program till I am not executed"    }    

Once you understand these 3 concepts suspend, launch and await, you an safely run threads without so called race concurrency problems, this is the magic of the "structured concurrency" you isolate/encapsulate the thread and can use entry and exit points you want, and manage as a police man with the traffic all the other threads as you like, also in this way you can propagate eventual errors and manage in an easier way,

There is another layer of complexity that is managing parent and child threads, basically you can define that a child fails independently from the other children or that terminates even the parent, this allow you great architectural choices.

The only think I can relate is spotify, when I listen to it and then switch to youtube and open a video the audio switches to youtube. Is how should work I guess, please which app has a different behavior, you mentioned one right?  

john bean wrote:k i was testing on different device with higher sdk which since oreo needs a channel for notifications and it works fine on the higher sdk running lineage
 if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {            NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);            mNotificationManager.createNotificationChannel(new NotificationChannel("micMuteChannel", "micMute", NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH));        }            NotificationCompat.Builder notificationBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, "micMuteChannel");            Notification notification = notificationBuilder.setOngoing(true)                    .setContentTitle(this.getString(R.string.app_name))                    .setPriority(NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH)                    .setCategory(Notification.CATEGORY_SERVICE)                    .build();            startForeground(1337, notification);


so if it is in the if statement it works if it is in the else statement it stops for assistant

really good, as i told you before Services are a pain because Android manage them differently because of privacy, security, and battery optimizations. Well done!

john bean wrote:thanks for reply there is nothing of use in logcat the only 3 lines printed are
D/InputTransport: Input channel destroyed: fd=67 D/ViewRootImpl@19008fe[MainActivity]: mHardwareRenderer.destroy()#1 D/ViewRootImpl@19008fe[MainActivity]: Relayout returned: oldFrame=[0,0][1440,2560] newFrame=[0,0][1440,2560] result=0x1 surface={isValid=false 0} surfaceGenerationChanged=false

the only reason i know it is being paused is the toasts stop when voice assistant is opened and resume when it closes before i put in toasts i just assumed my service was not running the aim is to kill the microphone completely unless it is manually turned on by the user  never really worked with services before trying to fumble through it and learn it does work during phone calls its just google voice search that pauses my service

ok i still have problems to understand what you want to achieve, i do not get when you said that you start the service "then you go to youtube" press search with voice and there is another app that works, if you take your time to write sequentially what do you expect and what happens i can help.

please consider that in the companies there is a way to describe the bugs: steps you take to reproducesequentially, 1,2, 3 ex from screen one i put the app in background pressing the soft button back, then i open youtube, and i press voice search.
I EXPECT
that.....
WHAT INSTEAD HAPPENS
is......

note: there is an app called spotify that when i press etc

john bean wrote:Thanks for replies yeah i was doing it all wrong hit a few youtube videos on services have a bit of a better idea now thanks for the code very helpful

glad it helped please check the boolean state also in the second example

I apologize but i do not understand exactly what you want to achieve, namely when exactly you expect the service to not get stopped? Which application, which precise action?
Just in the case may  be still helpful,  please consider also me and Tim replied you in your previous post from 6 days ago about the use of Service.

You put some logs, what is the flow behavior, is the `ondestroy` callback called when expected and if so  is the boolean  flag value changed?

Mick Dawdy wrote:

Does anyone have a favorite, good basic introduction to this topic?  Especially one with an introductory level example?

Hopefully, next time I will have some code to show

Thank you,
Mick

Sure we need to distinguish two cases. 1) You are interested in the theory of the concurrency 2) you want  to utilize what  currently the industry uses.

1) too broad topic and too many tools to use, since roughly 2011 is not common anymore to see in Android Thread and Pools at a low level, but with specific tools google engineers offered dedicated abstrations and unfortunately some of them are deprecated.
2) you may want to use coroutines, they simplify in a great way how to manage structured concurrency, and are defined( improperly) as light weight threads. Basically they use a system of caching and deferring calls simplifying the readability of your code and giving you full control for your use case.
I suggest you to look for the two options `launch` and `async` both of them can be used for your use case.

If really you want to go deep with Threads, I suggest you the dedicated chapter on Head first Java as an introduction, and then a book called java concurrency in practice, the second one is the bible of the concurrency in java. I repeat good to know, but in 2023 nobody is going to land on a job without knowing more industry modern methods, RXJava, and coroutines with Flow at least.

Some introductory mistake and then the solution:

introductory mistakes
A class should be started with a capital letter as

public class runner

, is a Java important convention, in my opinion.

Also you may not want use a generic name  as "runner", even if you are playing with the code a class should indicate what is doing, even a generic "MyService" would do better

To debug your code you do not want to just use a "Toast" but adding  Log.d("A_GENERIC_TAG_YOU_CAN_FIND_IN_LOGCAT","A message that make you understand from the stacktrace of logcat which part of the code is calling it and adding some variable to see if the state is what you would expect"

Final introductory consideration you may like also  WorkManager, instead of Service. It would land you easier to a job, and is much easier to manage than a Service across all the changes in the Android ecosystem that came in the years.

You say is crashing without stacktrace, do you have the latest  stable android studio version, the electric? Did you add the service to the manifest? Did you try the option invalidate cache, sometimes does wonders in these cases.

solution
first of all a Service differently by the easier IntentService runs on default on the main thead causing ANR application not responsive. So you should at least run it into a thread. then you are setting a boolean ALWAYS true, is normal that does not work, because the sequence of the program is running the service indefinetely, and the click in the view  when you stop is never gonna be recognized

use this
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    LinearLayout lin;    /** Called when the activity is first created. */    @Override    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        lin=new LinearLayout(this);        Button start=new Button(this);        Log.d("ZZZZ","onCReate");        start.setText("start");        start.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View view) {                startService(start);            }        });        Button stop=new Button(this);        stop.setText("stop");        stop.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View view) {                Log.d("ZZZZ","clicked");                stopService(stop);            }        });        lin.addView(start);        lin.addView(stop);        setContentView(lin);    }    public void startService(View view) {        Log.d("ZZZZ","startService");        Thread t = new Thread(){            public void run(){ runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {    @Override    public void run() {        startService(new Intent(getBaseContext(), runner.class));    } });            }        };        t.start();    }    // Method to stop the service    public void stopService(View view) {        Log.d("ZZZZ","stop service");        stopService(new Intent(getBaseContext(), runner.class));    } }
and
public class runner extends Service {    @Override    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {        return null;    }    @Override    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {        // Let it continue running until it is stopped.      Log.d("ZZZZ","OnStart");            Toast.makeText(this, "Service Started", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            try {                Log.d("ZZZZ","OnStart Inside");                Thread.sleep(5000);            } catch (Exception e) {                e.printStackTrace();            }        return START_STICKY;    }    @Override    public void onDestroy() {        super.onDestroy();        Log.d("ZZZZ","OnDestroy");        Toast.makeText(this, "Service Destroyed", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();    } }

B Collins wrote:Here is the code that works

I'm using

Modifier.border(width: Dp, color: Color, shape: Shape)
Modify element to add border with appearance specified with a width, a color and a shape and clip it.

yes, even better than my snippet